The relationship between perceptions of an innovative environment and creative performance in an online synchronous environment

This study focused on the relationship between perceptions of an innovative environment and creative performance in a web-based synchronous environment. A total of 160 sophomores and juniors from the National Taiwan Normal University participated in a learning activity consisting of a pretest and posttest quasi-experimental design. Pearson’s correlation coefficients and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used in data analysis. Results indicated a positive correlation between personal creative performance and a free, supportive, and innovative environment. Team support and organizational obstruction had less influence on personal creative performance. Compared with a traditional classroom, a synchronous environment added to innovative essence and helped learners do better in terms of novelty, feasibility, value, and creative product design overall.     

A Hybrid Virtual Cloud Learning Model during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the educational systems worldwide, leading to the near-total closures of schools, universities, and colleges. Universities need to adapt to changes to face this crisis without negatively affecting students’ performance. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to identify and help solve to critical challenges and factors that influence the e-learning system for Computer Maintenance courses during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper examines the effect of a hybrid modeling approach that uses Cloud Computing Services (CCS) and Virtual Reality (VR) in a Virtual Cloud Learning Environment (VCLE) system. The VCLE system provides students with various utilities and educational services such as presentation slides/text, data sharing, assignments, quizzes/tests, and chatrooms. In addition, learning through VR enables the students to simulate physical presence, and they respond well to VR environments that are closer to reality as they feel that they are an integral part of the environment. Also, the research presents a rubric assessment that the students can use to reflect on the skills they used during the course. The research findings offer useful suggestions for enabling students to become acquainted with the proposed system’s usage, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, and for improving student achievement more than the traditional methods of learning.     

茅台镇酱香型白酒酿造环境中真菌菌群多样性分析

采用高通量测序技术结合数理统计软件分析方法，系统研究茅台镇酱香型白酒不同酿造轮次生产环境中的真菌菌群结构及特征。7 个轮次中共检测到4 个真菌门、212 个真菌属。根据各菌门、属的相对丰度，子囊菌门（Ascomycota）和担子菌门（Basidiomycota）是茅台镇酱香型白酒酿造环节中各酿造轮次的优势菌门，节担菌属（Wallemia）、复膜孢酵母属（Saccharomycopsis）为各轮次绝对优势真菌属。不同轮次环境样品中真菌组成结构的相似度较高，但其各轮次标志性真菌属存在差异。7 个酿造轮次共有相同真菌属56 个，在各轮次占主导地位，特征性真菌属在各轮次当中相对丰度和占比较小但种类丰富。Ascomycota最强节点为德巴利酵母属（Debaryomyces），Basidiomycota最强节点为红酵母属（Rhodotorula）。本研究揭示了茅台镇酱香型白酒不同酿造轮次环境中真菌菌群结构及其特征，为深入研究酱香型白酒酿造机理以及对酿造环境中微生物结构的解析提供了参考依据。     

基于GIS技术的工程地质环境系统构建及治理分析

针对传统的工程地质环境系统存在的收集图像与原始图像同向性较低的问题,以下开展了基于GIS技术的工程地质环境系统的构建研究。采用设计对比实验的方式验证该系统在实际应用过程中,可提升收集图像与原始图像的同向程度。     

The introduction strategy of the emerging online marketplace considering risk attitude and channel power

With the development of online retailing, traditional online platforms have begun to offer a novel online marketplace format that brings many advantages but also gives rise to problems such as operational risks and changes in channel power. This paper studies whether the e-tailer and manufacturer can reach a consensus on introducing the marketplace channel and obtains the following insights. First, the manufacturer always prefers to introduce the online marketplace in the model where she acts as the leader. The e-tailer has the same preference for the online marketplace when he moves later or simultaneously with the manufacturer. Second, as the participants become more risk-averse, the manufacturer and e-tailer would be less willing to introduce the online marketplace, and it would be more difficult to realize the equilibrium strategy under all power structure models. Third, by combining the cross-effect of the attitude towards risks and the power structure, we find that when the participants prefer risks and the e-tailer has strong channel power, it would be much easier for the two parties to reach a consensus about introducing the online marketplace.     

纳米铁的绿色合成及其在环境中的应用研究进展

纳米铁（零价铁及铁氧化物）比表面积大、还原能力强、反应活性高，是一种良好的环境功能材料。传统的纳米铁合成方法中，物理方法对反应所需仪器设备要求较高，化学方法使用的还原剂具有毒性，绿色合成方法能够有效克服传统方法的不足之处。本文首先根据合成途径、纳米铁的类型介绍了利用植物和微生物对纳米零价铁（nZVI）及纳米铁氧化物（IONPs）进行绿色合成的方法，同时论述了制备的纳米铁所表现的特征（如形貌、尺寸、聚集倾向、等电位点）。随后总结了纳米铁通过不同反应机制（吸附、还原、催化氧化）去除环境有机、无机污染物（染料、芳香族化合物、硝酸盐、重金属）的应用。最后指出了纳米铁在绿色合成与实际应用过程中存在的挑战性问题及解决方法，以期为纳米铁今后的深入研究和大规模的工业生产应用提供参考依据。     

低压力下环保型络合剂和氧化剂对铝合金化学机械抛光的影响

在低平坦化压力下用壳寡糖(COS)环保型络合剂及H₂O₂氧化剂化学机械抛光铝合金，用原子力显微镜观测抛光后的表面质量，并用X射线光电子能谱仪分析其表面的钝化膜元素，用纳米压痕仪分析钝化膜的力学性能，研究COS及H₂O₂对铝合金CMP的作用机理。结果表明:H₂O₂质量分数为2%时，材料去除率随COS含量的增加而增大，当COS质量分数为0.32%时，材料的去除速率达861 nm/min，表面粗糙度最低为2.50 nm；COS质量分数为0.50%时，材料去除率随H₂O₂含量的增加先增大后减小，当H₂O₂质量分数为1.2%时，材料的抛光去除速率达840 nm/min，同时其表面粗糙度为3.52 nm。加入COS络合剂会在铝合金表面形成主要成分为Al-COS、Al₂O₃和Al(OH)₃的弱钝化膜。      

用于矿山等极端环境中的高精度定位算法

高精度室内定位技术在矿山、建筑、施工等多种极端环境下都有需求。基于超宽带通信(Ultra Wideband,UWB)的室内定位技术能够提供较高的定位精度,但超宽带信号易受到障碍物的干扰,并且在类似矿山等极端环境中,障碍物不可避免。因此,超宽带非视线传输(Non-Line-of-Sight,NLoS)测距成为当前的一个研究热点。当前研究大多集中在识别和消除非视线传输对超宽带测距的影响上,实际应用中,大多数情形下超宽带信号根本无法穿透障碍物,会导致定位标签只能够与2个或1个信标节点通信,但完成三边定位至少需要3个信标节点。为此,提出了一种基于目标行为分析的定位算法,该算法能够在短时间内仅剩余一个信标节点与标签通信时,也可实现高精度定位。该算法以超宽带通信为基础,使用信号飞行时间(Time of Flight,TOF)算法测距并定位。通过分析信号正常时的目标运动轨迹来判断其速度和方向,当信号不正常时(可通信的信标节点减少),可利用预测的速度和方向参数来实现辅助定位。将该算法部署在一个基于超宽带定位的系统中进行了测试,结果表明:当能够与标签通信并完成TOF算法的信标节点数量少于3个时,基于NLoS传输识别和消除的算法无法完成定位,而基于目标行为分析的定位算法依然能够实现定位,在单信标节点区域的平均定位误差为0.93 m,最大误差为1.41 m,在2个信标节点测距的区域,平均定位误差为0.64 m,最大误差为1.2 m。     

国际环境不确定下海外采矿权评估研究

在实物期权理论框架下,基于Black-Schole采矿权评估模型,提出了计量国际环境不确定性的方法以及将其纳入评估模型的途径,以此优化完善海外采矿权评估; 通过一实例验证了本文所述方法的可行性,并依据评估结果进一步分析了投资策略,最后对所提方法的可靠性进行了检验。研究结果显示: ① 采矿权价值来自于矿业权人对矿产资源的开采加工及具有灵活经营的权利,国际环境的不确定变化影响采矿权价值及投资策略。② 矿产品价格升高、价格波动率增加、驻在国矿业行业环境和国家环境变异程度的增加、矿山服务年限的增加,均提高了海外采矿权价值; 但矿产品价格下降、矿山服务年限减少将降低采矿权价值。③ 当矿产品价格持续处于低位时,项目应尽早建设或放弃; 而当价格处于增长或高位时,项目可适当推迟建设。④ 老挝矿业行业环境的变异程度大于该国国家环境的变异程度,前往老挝投资的矿企应重点关注该国涉及矿业投资的法律法规及政策,重点防范行业风险。⑤ 本文所提海外采矿权评估方法是可行、可靠的,具有一定实践意义。     

A low pressure SWCNT-ENM sandwich membrane system for the removal of PPCPs from water

While carbon nanotubes are known as efficient adsorbents for removal of a number of contaminants from water, the possibility of their leaching into drinking water has prevented their application in water treatment. In this study, single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were sandwiched between two electrospun nanofibre membranes (ENM). The relatively small pore size of the ENM prevented the mechanically entangled nanotubes from passing through and contaminating the water. The performance of the SWCNT-ENM was evaluated in a lab-scale setup for the removal of PPCPs. For this purpose, a feed solution spiked with known concentrations of six PPCPs was passed through the membrane system. The target substances included acetaminophen (ACT), bezafibrate (BZF), iopromide (IOP), diclofenac (DCF), carbamazepine (CBZ), and sulphamethoxazole (SMX). The same test was also conducted using a single contaminant (ACT). Results demonstrated a decrease in the overall percent removal of PPCPs as feed flow rate and PPCP concentration increased. For multi-component feeds containing equal amounts of the aforementioned PPCPs, the overall percent removal decreased from 90.8% to 71.0% when increasing the feed concentration from 30 to 600 μg/L. Experiments using sandwiched powdered activated carbon (PAC) showed that the dynamic adsorption capacity of PPCPs by SWCNT-ENM was higher than that of PAC-ENM, and remained unaffected by the feed composition. In addition, the high porosity of this novel membrane allowed for flow of water with low resistance such that the trans-membrane pressure was found to be as low as 4 kPa at a pure water flux of 330 L/m²h.